Watch the fish for any subtle indication that it has accepted your offering. If the trout slides very slightly to one side suddenly or opens its mouth, wait long enough to avoid pulling the fly out of the mouth. Then gently set the hook.

If you’re using an indicator, set your hook at the slightest deviation.

If you blind-cast, select likely lies -- deep holes or bends, current seams, areas of slower currents and areas with protective cover.

You can also use your thermometer to pinpoint areas where the water is warmer, like areas of sub-surface springs or where ground seepages enter the stream. Only a 2- to 3-degree difference is often enough to attract winter trout.

Likewise, pay attention to stretches exposed to sunlight, and avoid cold, canyon-shadowed runs.

It’s also important to fish quickly, but with purpose. If, after a few well-placed casts, you see no sign of trout, move on. Don’t waste time on marginal water. You won’t find winter trout in all of the same locations they inhabited during the summer. They will congregate in attractive, protected spots rather than spreading out across the river, so many seemingly likely spots may hold no fish.

When probing deep areas, begin fishing with midge larvae and pupa patterns. Nymphs, streamers and scud patterns are good options as well. Use enough weight to scrape the bottom with a drag-free drift.

Again, remain alert for a subtle take. Use a sensitive strike indicator. At best, an indicator will only detect about one of three takes. The more weight you use, the less sensitive the indicator will be.

MASTERING MIDGES Midges are fished to mimic their three-step sequence. 1) In the morning, midge larvae are readily available as they drift along the bottom of the stream. 2) If conditions warrant, the larvae will mature into the pupa stage and begin their emergence process by slowly rising to the surface. 3) Upon reaching the surface and breaking through the meniscus, the adult stage of the midge will fly off to mate and die.